Lowell & Belvidere

Lowell through time

Photographs, 1860s–1920s

The city around the castle, as the photographers, publishers and postcard makers of the day saw it: the streets and houses of Belvidere, the rivers and the mills, Merrimack Street, the churches and public buildings, and the carriages, streetcars, trains and first automobiles that moved through it all. 59 pictures, grouped by place. Tap any picture to see it large.

A broad unpaved residential street lined with tall shade trees, a utility pole at the left and stone posts at the curb (view full size)
“Fairmont Street.” 1892. Plate from the album Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir; UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive (Public Domain Mark).

Showing all 59 pictures, by place.

Fairmount Street and its neighbors

The streets and houses of Belvidere Hill, as the photographers and publishers of the day titled them. The 1892 album spells the street “Fairmont.”

Belvidere and the river banks

The Merrimack and the Concord seen from Belvidere, Fort Hill Park and the Lowell Cemetery.

The mills and canals

Mill yards, canal walks, rivers and falls, from stereographs of the 1860s–1880s to the view book of 1904 and a news photograph of 1910.

Merrimack Street and downtown

Shops, offices, squares and crowds at the center of the city.

Churches and civic buildings

Churches, the courthouse, the armory, the fire station and the public commons.

Horses, streetcars, trains and the first cars

Depots, bridges, streetcars and wagons, and an automobile race in 1909: Lowell in the years when horses gave way to horsepower.

About these pictures

Every picture here is in the public domain or carries an open statement from the library that holds it (“no known restrictions,” the Public Domain Mark or CC0). Each caption gives the picture’s own title, as the library catalogs it or as it is printed under the plate, and the date as cataloged; “about” marks a date the catalog gives as approximate. We have not added identifications or history of our own: where a picture says more about Lowell or about the house, it will be said in the history pages, with its source.

The 1892 pictures are plates from the album Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir, scanned by UMass Lowell’s Center for Lowell History; the 1904 pictures are pages of Views of Lowell and Vicinity, from the Library of Congress copy; the stereographs are from the New York Public Library’s Robert N. Dennis collection. Some pictures are shown cropped to the printed photograph; none has been retouched. Where we later add an AI-enhanced version, it will say so, and its enlarged view will offer “Compare with the original”; the original remains the record.

More of Lowell: Lowell in stone, Belvidere, year by year, Belvidere Hill: the neighbors and the Research Library. If you have an old photograph of Lowell or Belvidere, we would love to hear from you.

Catalog records for all 59 pictures
No.TitleDateSource and rights
L0253Fairmont Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0282The Oaklands, from Fairmont Street, Belvidere1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0265Nesmith Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0238Belmont Avenue: J. A. Faulkner, A. G. Cumnock, Fred’k Faulkner1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0274Residence of Wm. H. Anderson, Andover Street, Belvidere1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0273Residence of General Benjamin F. Butler, Belvidere1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0422Bridal party at General Butler’s, Lowell, Mass., July 31, 1870July 31, 1870 (as titled)Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0279Tennis Court on the Grounds of General Benjamin F. Butler1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0362Two views of B. F. Butler’s library1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0260Merrimack River, from Andover Street, Belvidere1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0248Concord River from Fort Hill1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0275Rogers Fort Hill Park1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0356Fort Hill Park1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0340Rogers Hall School, facing Fort Hill Park1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0252Entrance to the Lowell Cemetery, Lawrence Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0276Scene in Lowell Cemetery1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0364Gateway, Lowell Cemetery; Lion on lot of Frederic Ayer, Lowell Cemetery1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0443Merrimac Canal and millsabout 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0444Merrimac River from Central Bridgeabout 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0256Lowell Mills from Pawtucketville Bridge: Boott, Merrimack, Lawrence1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0241Canal Walk1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0242Canal Walk from School Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0269Pawtucket Falls1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public domain in the US (published 1892); UMass Lowell scan on Internet Archive states no license.
L0331Lawrence, Boott and Merrimack Mills1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0332Central Bridge and Massachusetts Mills1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0330Stirling and Bay State Woolen Mills, Concord River1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0359Canal Walk and Rapids, Merrimack River1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0360Winter on the Merrimack; Pawtucket Falls, Merrimack River1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0555Lowell, Mass. – strikers before Merrimack Mill1910Bain News Service. Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division (LCCN 2014690339); no known restrictions; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0426Central Street (winter)about 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0465Central St.about 1874–1876Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0456Statue of Victory, Monument Square, Lowellabout 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0264Monument Square and Statue of Victory, Merrimack Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0237Appleton Bank and Y.M.C.A. Building, Hurd Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0261Merrimack Street, Looking West1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0244Central Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0249Court House, Labor Day, 18921892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0318City Hall; Post Office1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0327Hildreth Building, Merrimack Street at head of Central Street1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0334Casto Theatre; A glimpse of Merrimack Street1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0470Merrimac Street, Lowell, Mass.after 1898Detroit Publishing Co. The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0442May training on South Common, jail in distance, 7 companies of the 6th Regiment Volunteersabout 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0254First Baptist Church, Church Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0278St. Anne’s Episcopal Church and Rectory, Merrimack Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0236Altar and Chancel, Church of the Immaculate Conception, Belvidere1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0344Church of the Immaculate Conception, East Merrimack Street1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0343St. Jean Baptiste Church, French, Merrimack Street1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0315New Court House1904Views of Lowell and Vicinity (1904). Library of Congress copy, via Internet Archive; public domain. Public domain in the US (published 1904); scan by the Library of Congress via Internet Archive, marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT.
L0243Central Fire Station, Palmer Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0257M.V.M. Armory, Westford Street, Highlands1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0447Merrimac St. Depot, Lowell, Mass.about 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0425Central Bridge, Lowell, Mass.about 1865–1885Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views, The New York Public Library; public domain; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0239Boston and Maine Rail Road Station, Central Street1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0235Aiken Street Bridge, between “Little Canada” and Centralville1892Lowell on the Merrimack: an Art Souvenir (Edwin S. Bigelow, 1892). UMass Lowell Libraries, Center for Lowell History, via Internet Archive; Public Domain Mark. Public Domain Mark 1.0 (as marked by UMass Lowell Libraries on Internet Archive).
L0549Boston and Maine R.R. Railroad station, Lowell, Mass.about 1908Detroit Publishing Co. Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division; no known restrictions; via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0543Lowell Depot and Richardson Hotelabout 1907–1915Postcard, publisher not recorded. Public domain; scan via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0559Merrimac Square, Lowell1912Postcard, publisher not recorded. Public domain; scan via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)
L0228Automobile races, LowellSeptember 6, 1909Forrest C. Hinckley, photographer. Lawrence Public Library, Forrest C. Hinckley Photograph Collection, via Digital Commonwealth; no known copyright restrictions. No known copyright restrictions.
L0565Railroad Station, Lowell, Mass.about 1920Postcard, publisher not recorded. Public domain; scan via Wikimedia Commons. Public domain (Wikimedia Commons file page)

Numbers are the catalog numbers of the Chateau Fairmount archive’s Lowell Historic Collection. The files came from the Internet Archive, Wikimedia Commons and Digital Commonwealth, which carry scans from the Library of Congress, the New York Public Library, UMass Lowell Libraries and the Lawrence Public Library.